Table 2

Estimates of B-coefficients from multivariable regression models for the association between GP characteristics and socio-demographic profile of patients and emergency care attendance per 1000 practice population in England, April 2012–March 2013, taking into account clustering at PCT level

Adjusted R²	Self-referred discharged ED attendance rates				Combined self-referred discharged ED, self-referred MIU and WiC attendance rates
Adjusted R²	0.3428				0.1332
	B-coef.	95% CI	p Value	Stand. B-coef.	B-coef.	95% CI	p Value	Stand. B-coef.
GP composition of practice
% GP staff younger than 40	−0.018	−0.068 to 0.031	0.459	−0.009	−0.039	−0.137 to 0.059	0.433	−0.012
% Female GP staff in practice	−0.037	−0.092 to 0.016	0.171	−0.019	−0.107	−0.216 to 0.001	0.054	−0.035
% GP staff qualified in UK	−0.137	−0.198 to −0.075	0.000	−0.097	−0.183	−0.286 to −0.081	0.001	−0.081
Potential access
FTE GP per 1000 practice population	4.623	−3.702 to 12.949	0.274	0.020	5.421	−4.761 to 15.604	0.295	0.014
Practice in town/city (ref. is urban conurbation)	−18.776	−29.515 to −8.036	0.001	−0.192	−32.209	−50.736 to −13.682	0.001	−0.207
Practice in rural area (ref. is urban conurbation)	−18.614	−29.649 to −7.579	0.001	−0.136	−31.121	−49.258 to −12.984	0.001	−0.143
Difference in travel time to hospital—GP (extra minutes to go to hospital)	−0.209	−0.437 to 0.019	0.073	−0.067	−0.035	−0.459 to 0.388	0.869	−0.007
Realised access
% registered patients satisfied with phone access	−0.139	−0.282 to 0.003	0.055	−0.044	−0.160	−0.420 to 0.099	0.225	−0.031
% registered patients satisfied with opening hours	−0.012	−0.218 to 0.194	0.907	−0.002	.335	−0.060 to 0.730	0.096	0.034
% registered patients able to make an appointment	−0.358	−0.659 to−0.057	0.020	−0.055	−0.794	−1.299 to −0.290	0.002	−0.077
% of patients unable to speak GP/nurse within two workdays when wanted	0.232	0.048 to 0.416	0.013	0.046	0.382	0.097 to 0.668	0.009	0.048
Continuity of care
% registered patients having a preferred GP	−0.013	−0.134 to 0.107	0.823	−0.003	0.095	−0.101 to 0.292	0.341	0.014
% could speak preferred GP always or a lot of the time	0.096	0.000 to 0.192	0.049	0.033	0.202	0.010 to 0.393	0.039	0.044
Socio-demographic characteristics of practice population
% registered patients unemployed	1.113	0.722 to 1.505	0.000	0.122	1.135	0.339 to 1.931	0.005	0.078
% registered patients UK white ethnicity	0.331	0.141 to 0.521	0.001	0.172	0.576	0.141 to 1.011	0.010	0.189
Male life expectancy	−4.402	−5.919 to −2.884	0.000	−0.221	−4.993	−7.580 to −2.406	0.000	−0.158
MIU and WiC attendance
Standardised self-referred MIU attendance per 1000 practice population	−0.416	−0.526 to −0.306	0.000	−0.536
Standardised self-referred WiC attendance per 1000 practice population	−0.070	−0.130 to −0.010	0.022	−0.058
Standardised self-referred MIU attendance per 1000 practice population squared	0.001	0.000 to 0.001	0.000	.241

Bold text represents: p < 0.05.
FTE, full-time equivalent; GP, general practitioner; MIU, minor injuries unit; PCT, Primary Care Trust; Ref., reference category.